Publications

The 2012-13 PDHS specifically collected information about knowledge and practice of family planning, fertility levels, marriage, fertility preferences, child feeding practices, nutritional status of children and women, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, awareness and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS, knowledge about other illnesses (e.g., tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C), and domestic violence. Information on the above-mentioned topics was mainly collected from ever-married women; however, some of the information was also collected from ever-married men. The collected information will provide a database for evaluation of relevant ongoing projects and can assist policymakers in developing appropriate strategies and plans for future projects.

The Bureau of Epidemiology has developed the Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance system among migrant workers for the first time to understand HIV situation among this population. It is used as a means to monitor HIV epidemic and to evaluate the program. In 2010, the first round of the surveillance survey was conducted and repeated the second round in 2012. This report includes the results from both rounds, but the analysis in certain dimensions are yet to be included to yield comprehensiveness of migrant situation, which will be addressed in the next round of surveillance survey.

In 2012, PSI/Vietnam conducted the third and final round of the Sex Workers (SW) and Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs (SW-IDU) Behavioral Survey, following previous rounds conducted in 2009 and 2011. The purpose of the survey was to inform and evaluate SW and SW-IDU programming. This is a cross-sectional study among female SWs and SW-IDUs in 7 priority President’s Emergency Plan for HIV/AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) provinces: Hanoi, Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, Nghe An, Ho Chi Minh City, Can Tho, and An Giang. The study additionally focuses on a sample of SW-IDUs recruited in four provinces where Song Dep outreach has been launched: Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, HCMC, and Nghe An, along with Hanoi, where low dead space syringe (LDSS) piloting is being implemented.

HIV investment cases provide an important vehicle for countries to deliver strategic, rights-based, sustainable responses to HIV. The process of developing investment cases provides countries with new opportunities to explore options for innovative funding and service delivery, to identify specific steps to enhance equity and inclusiveness for key populations, to use available evidence to understand better the health and economic benefits of timely, rights-based, smart HIV investments and to eliminate inefficiency in HIV programmes.

This summary report is intended to provide the pricing data of key ARVs to governments, nongovernmental organizations, donors, international organizations, academia and individuals or institutions directly involved or interested in the procurement of ARVs in resource-poor settings.

This report provides the findings of a comprehensive evaluation on the implementation, management, estimated population impacts, and cost-effectiveness of the DFID and the World Bank funded harm reduction programmes in Vietnam. It mainly included three major components: (1) an extensive literature review of legal and policy documents to understand key changes in the legal and policy environment in Vietnam; (2) a qualitative study utilising focus groups with key stakeholders and programme participants to provide background and context for understanding the implementation, management and effectiveness of the DFID/WB programmes; (3) a quantitative assessment of population impacts and cost-effectiveness of DFID/WB programmes based on a mathematical model.

This project aimed to assess whether the harm reduction programmes in Malaysia, which consists of NSP and MMT programmes amongst PWID, have been cost-effective from the perspective of the government by estimating savings in direct health care cost to the government resulting from infections that were averted as a result of the NSP and MMT programmes. The following estimates were included in the estimate of savings in direct health care costs; estimate the cost-effectiveness of the NSP and MMT programmes in terms of costs for the provision of programmes net of health care cost savings for each quality-adjusted-life years (QALYs) gained; estimate the return on investment (ROI) from NSP and MMT programmes where ROI refers to total health care costs saved from averted infections in comparison to total programme costs.

Violence against women and girls is a global pandemic of alarming proportions. No country is free of the scourge, no socio-economic class is exempt from its destructive effects. It takes place within homes, on the streets, in schools, workplaces and refugee camps, and is prevalent whether in times of peace or during crises and conflicts. Its many forms include domestic violence, rape and sexual abuse, trafficking and sexual exploitation, femicide, and harmful practices such as child marriage and female genital mutilation/cutting. Genderbased violence impoverishes and harms not only women and girls, but also communities and societies as a whole. The United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) has developed its Strategy 2008-2013 to end violence against women and girls, an overview of which is presented here.

This report examines the Custody and Education system. Over the course of Asia Catalyst's research into the system, we found serious conflict between the C and E system and international human rights law. As a coercive administrative education measure that deprives citizens of their personal liberty for extended periods of time, C and E also has an extremely fragile legal foundation in Chinese law, given that the main documents on which it is based are not laws but regulations. Individuals detained under the C and E system are denied a fair trial and lack all essential procedural rights such as the right to a defense and a hearing. This report analyzes China’s relevant laws and policies, as well as documentary data from inside and outside of China.

Gender-based violence (GBV) is commonly thought of as an issue affecting primarily women and girls; however, stigma, discrimination and violence are also expressed toward men who have sex with men (MSM), male sex workers (MSW), and transgender (TG) individuals. While there is an increasing body of research among sexual minorities identifying the association between GBV and physical and mental health issues, including increased risk of contracting HIV, programs for these populations tend to focus on raising HIV awareness to reduce sexual risks. A better understanding of GBV among MSM/MSW/TG populations is necessary in order to develop clear and targeted recommendations for future interventions targeting this issue.