Publications

In 2005, a rapid geographically specific mapping study was conducted in eight cities of Pakistan to estimate the size, location and operation typologies of four key sub-populations: female sex workers (FSWs), male sex workers (MSWs) Hijra or transgender sex workers (HSWs) and injecting drug users (IDUs). The eight selected cities were Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, and Quetta.

HIV transmission among drug users is associated with injecting drug use that involves the sharing of needles or syringes. Risky sexual behavior associated with drug use also contributes to the spread of HIV. Injecting drug users function as a “bridging population” for HIV transmission between a core HIV risk group, other high-risk groups, and the general population. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) and assess their risky behavior. The study was conducted in among IDUs in the sub-metropolitan city and municipalities, and the highway areas of Jhapa, Sunsari, and Morang districts of the Eastern Terai.

HIV transmission among drug users is associated with injecting drug use that involves the sharing of needles or syringes. Risky sexual behavior associated with drug use also contributes to the spread of HIV. Injecting drug users function as a “bridging population” for HIV transmission between a core HIV risk group, other high-risk groups, and the general population. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) and assess their risky behavior. The study was conducted in the Pokhara Valley. Three hundred male IDUs were sampled using the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) methodology.

HIV transmission among drug users is associated with injecting drug use that involves the sharing of needles or syringes. Risky sexual behavior associated with drug use also contributes to the spread of HIV. Injecting drug users function as a “bridging population” for HIV transmission between a core HIV risk group, other high-risk groups, and the general population. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) and assess their risky behavior. The study was conducted in the Kathmandu Valley. Three hundred male IDUs were sampled using the respondent driven sampling (RDS) methodology.

HIV transmission among drug users is associated with injecting drug use that involves the sharing of needles or syringes. Risky sexual behavior associated with drug use also contributes to the spread of HIV. Injecting drug users function as a “bridging population” for HIV transmission between a core HIV risk group, other high-risk groups, and the general population. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) and assess their risky behavior. The study was conducted among IDUs in the municipalities and highway areas of Rupandehi, Banke, Kailali, and Kanchanpur districts of the Western to Far Western Terai. Three hundred male IDUs were sampled using the respondent driven sampling (RDS) methodology.

The overall objective of the study is to determine the levels of HIV and STI prevalence and risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) subpopulation in Kathmandu and their behavioral links with the general population or other groups with high-risk behaviors. The study will be useful to those, including FHI, seeking to design, monitor and evaluate the impact of their interventions and to advocate effective prevention and care interventions in MSM subpopulation.

This report is a summary of the first two rounds of national surveillance of behavioral and biological data among the populations believed to be at elevated risk of contracting and spreading HIV and STIs in Lao PDR. The first round was conducted in 2000/2001, and the second round in late 2004.

The objective of the third survey is to make detailed estimates of the health, education and well being indicators and the exercise of their rights by the women and children of Mongolia. The results of the survey will be used in the preparation of a report which the Mongolian Government will present on progress of the implementation of the country commitment to the World Fit for Child Declaration. At the same time, the survey aims to assess and evaluate the monitoring indicators for progress in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals.

The 2004/2005 BSS was essentially repetitions of the 2002/2003 surveys, with the survey locations and target groups largely being the same. However, the 2004/2005 BSS was expanded to cover additional target groups. In addition, a further location (Bandung municipality) was added. The target groups were expanded to include men who have sex with men and transsexuals in Jakarta, Surabaya and Bandung, and injecting drug users in Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung and Medan. Meanwhile, the Army/Police Dept. target group was replaced by the Jayapura civil servant target group, while the sailor/fisherman target group in Karawang regency was replaced by the factory employee/operative target group. In the case of the youth target group, this was changed from youth between the ages of 15 and 24 (2002/2003 BSS in Merauke regency), to high school students in Surabaya municipality.

Integrated Biologic (HIV/STI) and Behavioural Surveillance surveys were carried out from March to August 2004 in Lahore and Karachi in the following high-risk groups: injecting drug users, female sex workers, male sex workers, hijras (transgenders) and truckers. Sample sizes were 400 in each group at each site except for hijras, for whom the sample size was 200 at each site.