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Resource | Publications,
As international migration has gained attention in the global agenda, calls for cooperation to manage international migration have increased. While international migration has acted as an engine for economic and social growth in South and South-West Asia, the full potential of migration has not yet been achieved. Desired outcomes from international migration are most likely to be achieved if countries of origin and destination build consensus and increase cooperation on international migration, including the realization of the rights of migrants within and beyond the region.
The Situation Report on International Migration in South and South-West Asia enhances the understanding of migration issues in South and South-West Asia by providing comprehensive reference material on international migration to assist policymakers and practitioners. The report contains sound policy recommendations on international migration in the subregion, and identifies gaps in knowledge to guide future data collection and research activities. The report serves as a companion document to the 2008 publication, Situation Report on International Migration in East and South-East Asia. Taken together, these two publications provide reference material on international migration covering most of Asia.
Resource | Reviews and Snapshots,
The HIV and Sex Work Collection provides eleven detailed case studies on HIV and sex work programmes and advocacy from seven countries in the Asia Pacific region: Bangladesh, China, Fiji, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Thailand. It also provides an analysis of the key lessons learned for delivering and scaling up evidence and rights-based responses.
The HIV and Sex Work Collection is designed for multiple audiences. It is a valuable tool for: programming managers, implementers and service providers, including government, NGOs and sex worker organizations, in the design and delivery of programmes; policy makers and development partners in planning and allocating resources for strengthening and scaling up effective interventions; and advocacy for a comprehensive response that focuses on evidence and rights-based interventions to address HIV in the context of sex work.
Resource | Publications,
In Asia and the Pacific region, there is significant economic variance within and between countries – each requiring specific and unique approaches, especially in response to HIV. The age at first male to male sexual encounter is often young, in the teens or younger for many men. Furthermore, receptive anal sex – a practice carrying a high risk of HIV transmission when performed without a condom – is a common experience for young men, including as the first sexual experience.
The region needs to find more effective ways to respond to the high and rising prevalence of HIV among MSM. The epidemic situations at country level require the development of programmes that respond to specific local circumstances where young men are practicing male to male sex.
Emphasis should be placed on peer-based programmes, where young men are able to shape programmes and services addressing their specific local needs. Greater political will and leader-ship is required to remove the barriers of criminalisation, discrimination and stigma currently inhibiting the resourcing and implementation of effective local programs.
Resource | Publications,
This Policy Brief is adapted from the UNDP and APCOM report, titled ‘Legal environments, human rights and HIV responses among men who have sex with men and transgender people in Asia and the Pacific: An agenda for action’, covering 48 countries and territories of the Asia and Pacific region.
The study considered legislation, cases, published research, policy reports and press reports, and drew from consultations with community representatives, legal experts and UN agencies. The following summarizes findings and recommendations relating to countries of the Pacific sub-region with inputs from APCOM coalition member, PSDN (Pacific Sexual Diversity Network).
Resource | Publications,
This report documents, the presentations and discussions made during the Youth Voices Count 2nd Consultation on Self-stigma Among Young Men who have sex with men and transgender people: Voices from the community, held from 2-5 October 2012 at Bangkok, Thailand.
The primary objective of this regional consultation was to introduce the YVC network and its members and to hear the voices of community people on the self-stigma in young MSM and TG groups in order to develop key recommendations targeting policy-makers and programmers on addressing these issues.
Resource | Presentations,
Regional and country posters were prepared by UNAIDS Regional Support Team Asia-Pacific, UNAIDS Country Offices, and HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific based on the following published sources of data:
1) HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys
2) Behavioural Surveillance Surveys
3) Integrated Bio-behavioural Surveys
4) United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV and AIDS (UNGASS) Country Progress Reports 2008 and 2010
5) Global AIDS Response Progress Reports 2012
Resource | Reviews and Snapshots,
The report is intended to provide an evidence-base for: policy makers working in government, regional and multilateral organizations; parliamentarians; members of the judiciary; civil society organizations; donor agencies; and sex workers and their organizations engaged in advocacy to improve the legal and policy enabling environment for HIV responses. The study focuses on 48 countries of the Asia Pacific region, with an emphasis on low and middle-income countries.
Resource | Publications,
Within the GMS the need for joint action for HIV prevention and better access to treatment, care and support is increasingly articulated at national and provincial (border provinces) levels, especially in contexts where migrants and mobile populations face barriers to accessing services in destination countries. In 2004, the six countries in the GMS signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for Joint Action to Reduce HIV Vulnerability Related to Population Movement and, following the expiration of this MOU in 2009, an amended MoU was signed during the 4th GMS Summit in Myanmar in 2011. Accompanying the 2011 MOU is a draft Joint Action Program (JAP) that identifies priority areas for bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
Drawing guidance from both the MoU and its attached draft JAP, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre jointly convened this 2012 Consultation on the Memorandum of Understanding to Reduce HIV Vulnerability Associated with Population Movement, in order to formulate concrete national, bilateral and subregional activities to address the challenges faced by migrants and mobile populations in this area.
Resource | Publications,
Migrant health issues have risen on the agenda of policymakers in the Asia-Pacific region in recent years, generating momentum at the very highest levels of government. The challenge now is how to translate this momentum into visible changes on the ground. Despite progress on both policy and programmatic fronts, Asian migrant workers continue to face challenges in accessing health facilities and services at all stages of migration – before departure, while in transit, at destination and upon return.
Moving the policy discourse on migrant health issues forward and ensuring changes on the ground first require disentangling myths from realities. There is a persistent public perception that labour migrants are carriers of diseases or that they are a burden to the health systems of the countries that receive them. The reality, however, is different. Labour migrants are generally young and healthier than the native population and they tend to under-utilize health services at destination. Labour migrants’ vulnerability to ill health, however, increases during the migration process due to various risk factors such as lack of adequate health insurance, poverty and uncertain legal status.