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Resource | Publications,
The writers conducted several of site visits in Port Moresby, Lae, Mount Hagen and Rabaul including meeting, training and workshop. For a better caring, monitoring and evaluation of HIV/AIDS cases in the country, national guidelines for adult, children and pregnant women were developed together with the recording form and procurement system. The surveillance and post exposure prophylaxis reporting form and guidelines were revised and developed. The referral system was developed to strengthen HIV/AIDS care and increase drug adherence. The training for comprehensive HIV/AIDS care were set and given to the medical staffs in PMGH, 3 regional hospitals and NGOs.
Resource | Publications,
Since the first report of HIV infection in India in 1986, the virus has spread all over the country although there is geographic variation. There are estimated 5.1 million people infected with HIV with an overall estimated adult prevalence below 1 per cent. Surveys carried out in different sub-populations have yielded prevalence estimates, but data on HIV incidence are limited. Both HIV serotypes 1 and 2 exist in India and HIV-1 C is the commonest subtype reported. Sexual transmission of HIV is most predominant. Spread of HIV in intravenous drug use settings is localized mostly in the north eastern region and metropolitan cities and parent to child transmission is on the rise. Dual epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis, increase in the number of infected women, stigma and discrimination are the main concerns in the Indian HIV/AIDS scenario.
There is an increasing political will and commitment for HIV prevention and control efforts in India. A multi-disciplinary approach combining targeted interventions like early identification and treatment of STDs, condom promotion, blood safety, drug de-addiction programs and expanding and strengthening VCTCs and long-term strategies like awareness oriented to behavioural change especially among vulnerable populations, young people and women, steps towards improvement of literacy, status of women and overall development, reduction in poverty and development of primary prevention interventions like vaccines and microbicides will have to be considered for effective prevention and control of AIDS in India.
Resource | Publications,
In 2004 India has as many HIV-infected people as any country in the world. And scientists tell us that an effective vaccine against AIDS is unlikely for at least another decade. Yet there is hope that the devastation of the AIDS epidemic can be slowed and even reversed in India.
The report analyzes three alternative plans for using and financing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. These alternative plans, or “scenarios,” are a minimally interventionist plan to strengthen the private sector’s ability to manage ART, a moderately interventionist plan to provide free ART to HIV-positive pregnant women and, if they are also infected, to their spouses and children, and a more generous plan to finance ART for the poorest 40 percent of all Indians with HIV infection.
Resource | Publications,
In 2001 the Thai Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) launched an antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme. A decentralized approach was adopted and treatment was initially provided to 1500 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in 112 government hospitals. Previously, health care for PLHA had been provided from specialist centres. By February 2004, 23,000 PLHA were being treated in 860 hospitals.
In 2003 the Ministry undertook to provide 50,000 people with ART by 2005 and it is intended that 20,000 more will receive ART through a social insurance scheme. This amounts to close to complete coverage and exceeds the WHO "3 by 5" target.
In parallel with these efforts, patient groups and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have been working to provide PLHA with enough knowledge to make informed decisions on treatment and to play a central role as partners in the provision of care.
Resource | Publications,
On October 20, 2004, 29 representatives from three countries and more than a dozen international and supranational organizations and hospitals attended the Consultation on Accelerating Support for Paediatric HIV Care, Support and Treatment in Thailand and Neighboring Countries within the Context of the 3 x 5 Initiative.
The meeting was intended to update those working on issues concerning Pediatric HIV/AIDS in the region on progress being made by their colleagues. It also aimed to strengthen communication and cooperation among those working on PMTCT and pediatric HIV/AIDS-related issues in the region through sharing country experiences and technical updates from global experts. Reporting on progress toward reaching the 3 x 5 goals, including increasing access to pediatric antiretroviral treatment, was also a cornerstone of the meeting’s agenda.
Resource | Publications,
Since the discovery of the first HIV+ person in Viet Nam in December 1990, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has spread rapidly across the country. If unchecked, the epidemic could threaten not only the health infrastructure, but also the prospects for positive social and economic development of the country.
This report documents the work of FHI/IMPACT from 1998 to 2003, including the process and activities undertaken in both HIV/AIDS prevention and care and in capacity building efforts. It relates to the major achievements, challenges, and lessons learned, and the future direction of FHI-supported HIV/AIDS work in Viet Nam in the years to come. As the report reflects on lessons learned through the implementation of FHI supported projects in Viet Nam, an essential lesson draws to the forefront; the importance of partnerships with local authorities.
Working closely with community authorities, advocating to gain government support, involvement, ownership, and participation has had a significant impact on the success of projects.
Resource | Guidelines,
This guide aims to support national AIDS programme managers in monitoring and evaluating public and private care and support programmes for HIV/AIDS. As more governments move towards increasing access to prophylactic and long-term treatment and care, such a guide will contribute to a global process of assessing whether care and support programmes are developed and implemented well.
Resource | Publications,
This publication summarizes existing evidence on the use of antiretroviral drugs for preventing mother-to child transmission of HIV and makes recommendations on the choice of regimens in the context of expanding access to antiretroviral treatment. It is part of a series of modules comprising guidelines on care, treatment and support for HIV-infected women and their children in resource-constrained settings being developed by WHO and its partners.
It is part of a series of modules comprising guidelines on care, treatment and support for HIV-infected women and their children in resource-constrained settings being developed by WHO and its partners.
The recommendations complement revised guidelines for antiretroviral treatment that have been issued in support of the 3 by 5 Initiative. The target of treating 3 million people in developing countries with antiretroviral therapy by the end of 2005 is a necessary, achievable target on the way to the ultimate goal of universal access to antiretroviral treatment for everyone who requires it.
Resource | Publications,
Generally, national HIV prevalence in China remains low, but clusters of high prevalence exist, both geographically and among specific sub-groups. By the end of 2003, the cumulative number of HIV cases was estimated 840,000, corresponding to a total prevalence rate of 0.07%. By the end of September 2004, the cumulative number of reported HIV positive cases was 89,067, with significant increases in reported infections since 2002.
On December 1, 2003, the China Ministry of Health and the UN Theme Group on HIV/AIDS jointly issued an Assessment of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment and Care in China. Given the rapid changes that have occurred since that date, it was decided that an update of the Joint Assessment Report would be prepared by representatives of the State Council AIDS Working Committee Office and the UN system, covering the period to December 1, 2004.
Resource | Publications,
In 2003, more than 5 million people were newly infected with HIV – as many as 700,000 (13%) of them were children. Six hundred and thirty thousand (95%) of these new infections were caused through mother-to-child transmission, and 90% of the infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS case reporting is unreliable, however it is estimated that 500,000 children are currently in need of antiretroviral therapy (ARV) world wide. In 2003 some 490,000 child deaths under age 14 were due to AIDS, and an estimated 17% of all AIDS deaths were among children. There are 7 countries where AIDS accounts for more than 10% of the under five mortality.
The best way to address paediatric HIV infection is to significantly reduce the proportion of children acquiring infection as has happened in most developed countries to date.
UNICEF and WHO convened a meeting of technical experts to urgently identify ways and mechanisms to overcome the key obstacles to access of appropriate, acceptable, and affordable ARV formulations for children.