The first case of HIV in Pakistan was diagnosed in 1987. At the end of 2009, Pakistan had an estimated 98,000 people living with HIV. Until recently Pakistan was classified as a low prevalence high risk country. Now Pakistan is considered to be in a concentrated phase of the epidemic. The concentrated HIV epidemic is primarily among high risk populations, with injecting drug users (IDUs) exhibiting the highest HIV prevalence (27.2%) in 2011, followed by Hijra or transgender and male sex workers (MSW s) at 5.2% and 1.6%, respectively. Female sex workers (FSWs) exhibit a prevalence of 0.6%.