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Resource | Publications,
In essence, the present document describes the priority health sector interventions recommended to achieve universal access for the prevention, treatment, care and support of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among MSM in the broader perspective of male sexual health. It summarizes key policy and technical recommendations developed by WHO related to each priority health sector intervention. It guides the selection and prioritization of interventions for HIV prevention, treatment, care and support. Finally, it directs readers to key resources of WHO and other organizations containing the best available information on the health sector response to HIV among MSM.
Relying on a rigorous background of male sexual health and strategic information, this document is, to the extent possible, based on scientific evidence and programmatic experience in prevention, care, support and treatment of HIV, as well as male sexual health. It is also intended to be as specific as possible for its implementation in the context of Asia and the Pacific, addressing a broad audience including public health decision-makers, national AIDS programme managers, health care providers, community-based organization managers, MSM living with and affected by HIV, and development agencies.
Resource | Publications,
Asia Catalyst created Know It, Prove It, Change It: A Rights Curriculum for Grassroots Groups, in collaboration with Thai AIDS Treatment Action Group (TTAG) and Dongjen Center for Human Rights Education and Action. The curriculum was designed to help CBOs in communities affected by HIV/AIDS to understand their human rights, to document human rights abuses, and to design and implement rights-based advocacy campaigns. Each book includes a trainers manual, which describes the steps to take; and a Trainers Supplement, which provides lesson plans, sample exercises, and templates to use in a training or workshop.
The Practical Field Guide for Community Based Human Rights Documentation is a companion guide to Asia Catalyst’s Know It, Prove It, Change It: A Rights Curriculum for Grassroots Groups. This shorter guide details the essentials CBOs need to run a documentation project in the field.
Resource | Publications,
This People Living with HIV Stigma Index report is a result of a series of consultations with key stakeholders including membership of three networks of HIV positive people, and the National Partnership comprising of UN joint team on AIDS, the National STD & AIDS Control Programme and the Family Planning Association of Sri Lanka.
Key amongst the many findings of the Sri Lankan Stigma Index Report are the high levels of "internalised stigma" experienced by people who are infected or affected by HIV and the "corresponding decisions" they make in the face of the many structural or invisible societal barriers in Sri Lankan society. Unfair stereotyping of people with HIV is linked to prejudicial attitudes and there is a need to strengthen avenues through which remedies can be sought by those who have been discriminated against.
Legal Environments, Human Rights and HIV Responses among MSM and Transgender in Asia and the Pacific
Resource | Publications,
A study was conducted of legal environments affecting HIV responses among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender people in 48 countries and territories of the Asia and Pacific region. The study was conducted from August 2009-June 2010, and considered legislation, cases, and published research and grey literature regarding laws, and law enforcement policies and practices. The study was informed by consultations with community representatives, legal experts and UN agencies.
The study was undertaken to fill gaps in knowledge about (i) the effects of laws and law enforcement policies and practices on HIV responses among MSM and transgender people, and (ii) the role of civil society organizations, governments, donors, UN agencies and other multilateral agencies in supporting improvements to legal environments affecting MSM and transgender people. The study highlights examples of good practice.
Resource | Publications,
A significant number of men having sex with men in the Asia Pacific region do not have access to HIV prevention and care services as HIV prevalence has reached alarming levels in many countries. If countries fail to address the legal context of the epidemic, this already critical situation is likely to become worse. The implementation of effective, human rights-based national HIV responses requires governments to consider the effect of laws and law enforcement practices on the health of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons.
The report's findings and follow up discussion showed that 19 of 48 countries in the Asia Pacific region criminalize male to male sex, and these laws often taken on the force of vigilantism, often leading to abuse and human rights violations. Even in the absence of criminalization, other provisions of law often violate the rights of MSM and transgender persons along with arbitrary and inappropriate enforcement, thereby obstructing HIV interventions, advocacy and outreach, and service delivery. This very debate was at the heart of the recent landmark ruling by the Delhi High Court that Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code unfairly discriminates against men who have sex with men and consenting adults in general.
Resource | Publications,
For gender comparison, of the stigma index data, the MPG numerators divided their sample allocation evenly by gender of respondents currently living with HIV. The final sample for tabulations is divided with fifty‐one percent female respondents and forty‐nine percent male respondents, respectively 166 and 158 persons that make the sample size amount to a total of 324 respondents. For the purpose of this HIV stigma index, all respondents have a status of HIV positive.
Resource | Publications,
This report is based on a survey of the experience of more than 2000 respondents living with HIV in China. The survey will increase the understanding of how stigma and discrimination is experienced by people living with HIV (PLHIV) and it is hoped that the results will inform future discussions, programmes and policies in China.
The information gained will provide data on the current situation and areas requiring future action. These include anti-stigma and anti-discrimination campaigns, improving workplace and education sector policies, informing the formulation of laws relevant to the AIDS response and promoting the realization of human rights. Consequently, the report is an advocacy tool, which will support the collective goal of the Government, the UN, NGOs and community based organisations alike to reduce stigma and discrimination linked to HIV in order to reach the goal of Universal Access to prevention, treatment, care and support, and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Resource | Publications,
This research study on index of stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive people was aimed to promote and support the advocacy of human rights issues in Thailand. It was implemented by the Thai Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (TNP+) and supported by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).
Findings acquired through this project can enable both Thailand and other countries to understand these prevailing social phenomena in conjunction with national rights-related policies, inform program design aiming to resolve and reduce HIV stigma and discrimination issues at implementation level, and advocate for national-level policy.
Data collection took place in mid-2009 through interviews to gather past experiences of positive people in different parts of Thailand. Therefore, the data recorded were incidents that occurred between 2008-2009.
Resource | Publications,
Bangladesh is in the nascent stage of its HIV/AIDS epidemic, as the most recent data indicate an estimated 7,500 persons living with HIV nationwide. In total, 1,207 cases of HIV have been identified since the first case in 1989. Prevalence estimates suggest that HIV/AIDS remains at less than 1% amongst most at -risk populations.
Research conducted by Bangladesh’s International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) has underscored a number of problematic areas for persons living with HIV (PLHIV), in particular the need to address societal stigma and subsequent discrimination directed at two groups: PLHIV and their health care providers. This study advances prior research with an attempt to document stigma and discrimination both quantitatively using the Stigma Index and qualitatively using focused, in-depth interviews experienced by the PLHIV in Bangladesh.
Resource | Tools,
HIV stigma and discrimination adversely affect every aspect of life for people living with HIV and their families. In many settings, an HIV diagnosis still can be as devastating as the illness itself, leading to job loss, school expulsion, violence, social ostracism, loss of property, and denial of health services and emotional support. People living in fear are less likely to adopt preventive behavior, come in for testing, disclose their sero-status to others, access care and adhere to treatment.
This user guide has been created for teams implementing the People Living with HIV Stigma Index in their communities. This user guide contains background information on the index and its intended purpose; an introduction to the questionnaire and the data gathering process; and practical guidance for training interviewers, ensuring the interview process is conducted in an ethical manner, and for effective data entry and analysis. The guide also includes tips for communicating the research findings and using them to advocate for the rights of people living with HIV.