Injecting Drug Users (IDUs)
 | HIV/AIDS has been increasing rapidly making Cambodia the fastest growing epidemic in Asia though recently, the Joint United Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) has recognized the stabilized HIV epidemic in Cambodia (Ref: WHO/UNAIDS: AIDS epidemic update, 2002). HIV was first detected in National Blood Transfusion Center in Phnom Penh in 1991 and in 1993 the first cases of AIDS were diagnosed. The latest available data from the HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2002 reported HIV prevalence rates: 28.8% among “direct” female sex workers (DFSWs) (i.e. based in brothels), 14.8% among “indirect” female sex workers (IDFSWs) (women who work as beer promoters, bar girls, karaoke workers or masseuses), and 2.8% among women receiving antenatal care (ANC) with the estimate of 157,500 people living with HIV/AIDS in the country (Ref: HSS 2002). Download this publication |
| the people. The government has implemented various strategies to tackle drug use with the current goal of achieving a drug free society by 2015. Yet, even with increasing draconian punishments imposed for drug use there was a substantial rise in both new and relapse drug user cases. Download this publication |
| This report was prepared to support WHO efforts to introduce and scale up anti-retroviral therapy (ARV) according to the “WHO 3x5” initiative which is designed to provide three million people with ARV by the year 2005. The International Harm Reduction Association (IHRA) together with regional harm reduction networks was asked to recommend strategies for scaling up ARV to injecting drug users (IDU) and to identify the potential role of the harm reduction networks. Download this publication |
| Situated on the Pakistan-Afghan border, Quetta is home to growing numbers of Afghan refugees. We studied HIV knowledge and risk behaviors among Pakistani and Afghani drug users between July 2001 and November 2001. Download this publication |
| Injections are the most common health care procedure worldwide. In developing and transitional countries alone, some 16 thousand million injections are administered each year.1 Most injections, more than 90%, are given for therapeutic purposes while 5 to 10% are given for preventive services, including immunization and family planning. The majority of therapeutic injections in developing and transitional countries are unnecessary. Download this publication |
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As other developing countries, Malaysia is also facing a plethora of social problems resulting from economic, developmental and societal growth. One of them is drug addiction, which has long being recognized as a serious problem at an epidemic proportion since the early 1970’s. Despite strict laws and penalties for drug use and trafficking, illicit drug use is high and continues to rise. The drug problem that was then considered as a social problem was redefined as a security problem in 1983, where specific laws were formulated to curb the epidemic. However, the number of drug users identified each year still increases. Download this publication |
| This report has been prepared in October-April 2004 by the Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviours at Imperial College on behalf of the UN Reference on HIV/AIDS prevention and care among IDUs in developing and transitional countries. Its purpose is to examine the extent to which the international community’s commitment to adequate and equitable care for those with HIV/AIDS has been translated into action in developing and transitional countries particularly when applied to injecting drug users1. The provision of effective treatment and care for all people with HIV/AIDS is now accepted as an integral component of a comprehensive and expanded response to the epidemic. All member states of the United Nations and partner international agencies are committed to reducing the gap between developed and developing countries and making treatment and care available to all who require it. Download this publication |
| Even though the majority of HIV positive people in Viet Nam are injecting drug users (IDUs), not many pro- grams commit to working with them on a large scale. Download this publication |
| To keep track of the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines, the Department of Health (DOH) established passive and active surveillance systems. The passive surveillance system, the HIV/AIDS Registry, was established in 1987. It continuously logged Western Blot-confirmed HIV cases reported by hospitals, laboratories, blood banks and clinics. Download this publication |
