‪The first multi-stakeholder National Strategic Plan on HIV in Myanmar was developed and launched in 2006. The NSP was jointly developed and agreed by the stakeholders. It called for a prioritisation of prevention interventions to address the concentrated nature of the epidemic. Explicitly, the NSP recognised the need to initiate and scale up prevention efforts for men who have sex with men and injecting drug users. It also called for a further increase in programmes providing services to sex workers. Prevention interventions for other sub-population groups were also included, but they were expected to be increasingly targeted towards risk behaviour rather than population groups.

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This document provides a summary of the full Myanmar National Strategic Plan on HIV and AIDS 2011-2015 and the Operational Plan. It is meant to provide policy makers, program planners, implementers, community members, people living with HIV and donor community with a quick reference to the main components of the Strategic Plan.

Since 1992, the National AIDS Programme has been carrying out the yearly HIV Sentinel Sero-surveillance (HSS) among selected sentinel groups on different (8) sentinel groups. In fact, HSS is the systematic and regular collection of information on the occurrence, distribution and trends of HIV infection and factors associated with the infection for use in Public Health Action.

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In collaboration with various community-based organisations, APN+ conducted a peer-led mixed method research project in six Asian countries (India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, and Singapore) to document the range of services available for
MSM and transgender people living with HIV and to identify barriers to access and use of these services.

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The Department of Population, in collaboration with UNFPA, conducted the first phase of the Cross-border Migration and Reproduction Health Study in Tachileik, a township along the border with Thailand in 1999 and the second phase in two township namely Kawthaung, Township in the south along the border with Thailand and Muse Township, on the border with China in April 2000.

The UN estimates that over the last few years between 15,000 - 20,000 people living with HIV die annually in Myanmar, because of lack of access to urgent lifesaving anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Lives in the Balance outlines the situation for people affected by HIV and TB, with a special focus on multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), in Myanmar today.  It calls for urgent funding and assistance to be made available by the international donor community to help Myanmar dose the devastating gap between people's need and people's access to treatment for HIV and TB.

‘Men who have sex with men’ and the corresponding acronym ‘MSM’ refer to all men who engage in homosexual behaviour, regardless of gender identity, motivation for engaging in sex, or identification with any particular ‘community’. The words ‘man’ and ‘sex’ are interpreted differently in diverse cultures and societies as well as by the individuals involved. As a result, the term MSM covers a large variety of settings and contexts in which male to-male sex takes place. The term ‘gay’ is used by some people to refer to a sexual identity that they apply to themselves and other men that is based on the sex they have with other men.

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The reporting process has been led by the National AIDS Programme of the Ministry of Health. Data on coverage data and financial resources were collected directly from implementing partners. These data are part of the annual data collection for the Progress Report of the implementation of the NSP. UNAIDS, UNICEF and WHO assisted in populating the indicators with the latest available information.

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The annual HIV Sentinel Sero‐surveillance survey, the systematic and regular collection of information on the occurrence, distribution and trends of HIV infection and factors associated with the infection, has been carried out since 1992. The survey has been conducted among 8 targeted sentinel groups: Pregnant Women attending the antenatal clinics (ANC), New Military Recruits, Blood Donors, newly diagnosed TB patients, Injecting Drug Users (IDU), Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), Female Sex Workers (FSW) and Male patients attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic.