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Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS are both major public health problems in the South-East Asia Region of WHO. Of the 20 million people suffering from active TB globally, 8 million are in this Region. Each year, three million new cases of TB are added and nearly three-quarters of a million die of the disease. At the same time, the Region is home to nearly 6 million people living with HIV/AIDS or nearly 18% of PHA, the largest proportion following sub-Saharan Africa, making it the second highest Region affected by HIV in the world.
The SEA Region has been the first to initiate joint annual meetings for the national TB and HIV programme managers of Member Countries. This has led to laying the foundation for collaboration between the two programmes. The second joint meeting of National HIV/AIDS and TB Programme Managers from Member Countries in the SEA Region was held between the 19-22 November 2002 at Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Resource | Publications,
The HIV epidemic has posed major challenges to tuberculosis (TB) control efforts globally. Increasing TB case rates over the past decade in many countries in sub- Saharan Africa are largely attributable to the HIV epidemic. The extent of the HIV/TB epidemic in South-East Asia will depend on the future course of the HIV epidemic, as well as on efforts to control TB. Preventing HIV-associated TB means going beyond the full implementation of DOTS. It includes preventing HIV infec- tion, preventing progression of latent TB infection to active disease and the provision of HIV/AIDS care and antiretroviral treatment (ART).
The goal of the HIV/TB strategy is to reduce HIV/TB- associated morbidity and mortality through collaboration between national AIDS and national TB programmes. The objectives are (1) to decrease the burden of TB among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and (2) to decrease the burden of HIV in TB patients.
Resource | Publications,
This paper provides a review of the morbidity rates and trends of four communicable diseases in Singapore, namely tuberculosis (TB), sexually transmitted diseases (STD), human immonudeficiency virus (HIV) infection and leprosy. Data for this paper are obtained from the four National Programmes for the control of these diseases.
Resource | Publications,
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the most important global public health threats. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the incidence of TB increased by 5 percent between 1997 and 1999, from 8 million to 8.4 million new cases. African countries severely affected by the HIV epidemic experienced a 20 percent increase in the incidence of TB; this rise is largely responsible for the TB increase globally.
The relationship between TB and HIV has been recognized since the early days of the HIV epidemic. Today HIV is known to be an important risk factor, contributing to the development of active TB from latent TB infection. A person co-infected with TB (positive PPD skin test) and HIV faces a five percent to 16 percent annual risk of developing active TB disease. HIV also makes individuals with a recent TB infection more likely to progress rapidly to active TB disease. WHO estimates that more than 10 million people worldwide live co-infected with TB and HIV, more than two-thirds of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa.
Resource | Publications,
Simple straight forward models like EPI model to complicated mixing pattern models were evolved by WHO and others to project AIDS cases and to estimate new HIV infections. These models are easy to apply, but they are having their own limitations when applied for Indian data. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand the adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS indirectly through cause specific death rates.